In July of 2013, the European Union's issued a directive aimed at Alternative Investment Fund Managers also known as the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive ("AIFMD"). The AIFMD requires AIFMs who market within the EU to hold either sufficient capital or have appropriate insurance in place to meet any financial loss arising from professional negligence claims related to their EU business or EU domiciled clients. This requirement can be satisfied with the AIF's own funds or they could procure insurance which is separate and not part of their existing insurance program (ring-fenced). Funds are required to carry .9% of total AUM in separate limits of professional liability (.7% for any one claim).